what is silkscreen?

Silkscreening or Screen printing is a printing technique whereby a mesh is used to transfer ink onto a substrate, except in areas made impermeable to the ink by a blocking stencil. A blade or squeegee is moved across the screen to fill the open mesh apertures with ink, and a reverse stroke then causes the screen to touch the substrate momentarily along a line of contact. This causes the ink to wet the substrate and be pulled out of the mesh apertures as the screen springs back after the blade has passed. One color is printed at a time, so several screens can be used to produce a multicoloured image or design.

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A brief history of screenprinting

Screenprinting originated in China (around AD 221) as a way of transferring designs onto fabrics.
Following this the Japanese began using simple stenciling techniques as a way to create imagery. At this time stencils were cut out of paper and the mesh was woven from human hair. Stiff brushes were used to force ink through the mesh onto the fabric.
In the 17th century silk screens were being used in France as a way of printing onto fabric. Stiff brushes were still being used as a way to push ink through the mesh. It was here that the practice of stretching silk over a frame to support stencils was initiated but it is now known by whom.
In the early part of the 20th century squeegees were introduced as a way of pulling ink through the screen mesh.
In 1938 in New York a group of artists began experimenting with screenprinting as an artistic medium onto paper. They coined the term ‘serigraphy.’
In the 1960’s Pop Artists such as Peter Blake, Andy Warhol and Robert Rauschenberg used screen printing as an integral element to their practice, thus establishing it and popularising it as a medium for creating contemporary art.